- Lecturer
- Shuji TODA
- Research Field
International Human Rights Law, International Law, World Law
- Keyword(s)
International Human Rights, Universality and Particularity of Human Rights, Human Rights in Africa and Asia
- Research theme
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- Methodology of International Human Rights
- Human Rights in Africa: Individual Duties in ACHPR
- UDHR and Customary International Law
It seems to be common knowledge today that human rights are universal. However, despite the universality of human rights, discrimination based on race and gender, as well as human rights violations arising from religious backgrounds, continue to occur in the international community. One of the reasons behind this problem is the opinion that although the concept of human rights itself is universal, the particular circumstances (cultural) of each region in the international community are different, and therefore it is not really possible to implement human rights with the same standards in all regions. I believe that the universality that human rights possess is not necessarily in conflict with the particularities in a region. In order to pursue and clarify this view, I am researching how human rights (international human rights) should be addressed in the international community (methodology). The study examines this concept from the perspective of whether it is compatible with the universality of human rights. We also study what grounds the universality of human rights. In particular, we are studying whether the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), which was the starting point for the numerous international human rights treaties created mainly by the United Nations, can be recognized as customary international law today.
- Desired cooperation
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- International Law and National Law
- Regional Studies on Historical and Cultural Backgrounds
- Implementation of Human Rights in Japan (The Constitution of Japan)